# Background & Problem Statement

### **Modern Digital Challenges**

* **Surveillance & Tracking:**\
  ISPs, governments, and third parties monitor online activities. Targeted ads and user profiling undermine privacy.
* **Data Vulnerability:**\
  Major breaches (e.g., Facebook, Equifax) have exposed millions of users’ sensitive data.
* **Censorship & Access Restrictions:**\
  Countries like China, Iran, and Russia block global platforms, restricting open access to information.
* **Limitations of Traditional VPNs:**\
  Centralized VPNs are vulnerable to hacks and government intervention. Many “no-logs” policies are unverifiable, and centralized infrastructure creates single points of failure.

**Critical Question:**\
Why do traditional VPNs fail to protect privacy?\
\&#xNAN;*Because of centralized control, lack of transparency, and limited accountability.*